"Frequency of fatal and recurrent anaphylaxis due to COW'S milk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies".

Cow's milk allergy can result in anaphylactic reactions. The estimated prevalence of cow's milk allergy in developed countries ranges from 0.5% to 3% at age 1 year. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and, if possible, a meta-analysis to assess the frequency of fatal and recurrent anaphylaxis induced by cow's milk. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science for studies that had assessed fatal and recurrent anaphylaxis induced by cow's milk for the population of a country or at least an administrative region. Our review included cohort, cross-sectional, and registry studies that had assessed the incidence or prevalence of recurrent anaphylaxis or the incidence of fatal anaphylaxis due to cow's milk. The pooled prevalence of recurrence (PR) for at least an episode of anaphylaxis was 26.98% (3.85-189.1). Teymourpour et al (Iran) reported the highest PR (53.10%); the two studies with the lowest PR were from France (5.2 and 0.42, respectively) (p < .01). Nine studies on fatal anaphylaxis were selected (41 deaths) and found to be highly heterogeneous (I2 = 75.9%). Levy et al and Bassagio et al reported the highest incidence rate (IR 0.15 and 0.6 deaths per million persons-year). The PR of anaphylaxis was approximately one quarter of patients with anaphylaxis due to cow's milk, while deaths from anaphylaxis caused by cow's milk were very rare, although some studies report rates as high as 15 times the lowest IR.

[Allergology: what's new in 2022]. / Allergologie : ce qui a changé en 2022.

The study of reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has marked a large part of the literature in the last two years, using the basophil activation test (BAT) as a potential diagnostic tool for reactions to Covid-19 vaccines. In allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, lirentelimab (a humanised monoclonal antibody against lectin 8), reduces patients' symptoms and atopic comorbidities. In severe asthma, tezepelumab (human monoclonal antibody) reduces the annual asthma exacerbation rate over 52 weeks. In terms of diet, the new EAACI guidelines recommend avoiding cow's milk supplementation in infants during the first three days of life to reduce the risk of cow's milk allergy.

L'étude des réactions aux vaccins contre le SARS-CoV-2 a marqué une grande partie des publications de ces deux dernières années, en utilisant le test d'activation de basophiles (BAT) comme outil de diagnostic potentiel pour les réactions aux vaccins contre le Covid-19. Sur le plan de la rhinoconjonctivite allergique, le lirentélimab (anticorps monoclonal humanisé contre la lectine 8) diminue les symptômes des patients et ses comorbidités atopiques. Sur le plan de l'asthme sévère, le tézépélumab (anticorps monoclonal humain) en diminue le taux d'exacerbations annuelles sur 52 semaines. Sur le plan alimentaire, les nouvelles directives EAACI (Académie européenne d'allergie et d'immunologie clinique) recommandent d'éviter la supplémentation en lait de vache chez les nourrissons au cours des 3 premiers jours de vie pour en diminuer le risque d'allergie.